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- Although not contiguous with the rest of Bavaria -- that is, they did not share a common border -- the region of western Germany on the Rhine River known as the Palatinate (in German: Pfalz) was governed as part of the state (until 1918, Kingdom) of Bavaria (in German: Bayern; capital: Munich) from 1816 to 1945. Its administrative seat was the city of Speyer. Other major Palatine cities include Kaiserslautern, Ludwigshafen, Pirmasens, and Zweibrücken. During the 130 years that the Palatinate was governed as part of Bavaria, it was often referred
to as Rhenish Bavaria (in German: Rheinbayern).
In 1920, Bavaria had to give up a small portion of the Palatinate (Pfalz) and Prussia had to give up a small portion of its Rhineland, or Rhine Province, to form the "Saarland", a French creation placed under League of Nations control. It was France's aim to eventually annex the Saarland, an aim that was thwarted twice, both in 1935 and in 1955.
Saarland is today a German state, and its capital is the city of Saarbrücken. Reinheim is located in Saarland, in today's Saar Palatinate District (in German: Saarpfalz-Kreis).
Just so that you have the complete picture: Following World War II and the break-up of the huge state of Prussia, the southern half of the Prussian Rhineland or Rhine Province, the Bavarian Palatinate (Pfalz), and the region of Hesse known as Rhenish Hesse (in German: Rheinhessen) combined to form today's state of Rhineland-Palatinate (in German: Rheinland-Pfalz), with the Rhenish Hessian city of Mainz
as its capital. But as mentioned, Reinheim is located in today's state of Saarland.
Reinheim, by the way, is no longer an independent town. Today, Reinheim is part of the town of Gersheim.
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