Notes:

Franz Jacob Singer immigrated with his family to the United States in April 1843 on board the packet ship La Duchesse d?Orleans. Jacob and Magdelena already had three children, and Magdelena was pregnant with a fourth child when they left for America. While attempting to board ship in Le Havre, France, they were delayed because of a question regarding their origin and citizenship. (In 1843 "Germany" did not exist, as we know it now. It was a conglomeration of independent states.) As a result of the postponement of the family's travel plans, and Magdelena's advancing pregnancy, Jacob and Magdelena's daughter Catherine was born during the Atlantic crossing on 20 Mar 1843. Fellow passengers took up a collection and presented the Singers with the equivalent of about $200 to celebrate Catherine's birth. La Duchesse d'Orleans arrived in New York on 22 Apr 1843. The route by which the family traveled to Ohio is not known, but Jacob Singer eventually brought his family to Monroe County, Ohio. He used the $200 given to him by his fellow passengers along with other money to purchase a tract of several hundred acres of land in what is now Lewisville, Ohio on Willis Creek. He turned this area into a prosperous farm.
Despi te its name, the Duchesse d'Orleans was an American ship, according to Robert Greenhalgh Albion, Square-Riggers on Schedule: The New York Sailing Packets to England, France, and the Cotton Ports (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1938), p. 286. She was built in New York in 1838 by Webb & Allen, and from 1838 to 1852 belonged of the Havre Union Packet Line, and belonged to the Baltimore registry in 1866. Her measurements were as follows:
ton nage: 798 (old custom house measurement)
length: 155' 6"
beam: 34' 2"
depth of hold: 20' 6"

The master, from 1838 to 1849, was Addison Richardson (d. Brooklyn 1872). Ibid., p. 340. The Duchesse d?Orleans was still in service as late as 1891. White, James Terry, The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography: Being the History of the United States as Illustrated in the Lives of the Founders, Builders, and Defenders of the Republic, and of the Men and Women who are Doing the Work and Moulding the Thought of the Present Time (J.T. White, 1895), vol. 2, p. 263.

Gi ven that La Duchesse d'Orleans is described as a "ship", it is important to recall the distinction between sloops, schooners, brigs and ships. The sloop, which was generally the smallest type, had a single mast, supporting a large fore-and-aft sail. The schooner likewise had fore-and-aft sails, generally with two masts but occasionally, even then, with three. The brig had two masts, but was square-rigged; that is, each mast supported several sails, which crossed from side to side of the vessel instead of lying fore-and-aft. Finally, the full-rigged ship had three masts, all of which were square-rigged. The nautical purists are careful not to use the word "ship" as a synonym for vessel, when brigs or schooners might be included in the term. A fifth type, the bark, began to be common in the 'thirties [1830's]. It had three masts, the first two of which were square-rigged and the third fore-and-aft. In size, it usually fitted in between the brig and the ship. On the whole, the relative size of the four main classes ran up-wards from the sloop through the schooner and brig to the ship. There was considerable overlapping, however, for the largest vessels in a lower category were generally of greater tonnage than the smallest in the next higher grade. Albion, p. 13.

A "packet" does not represent a "type" of vessel, but its function ? i.e., a vessel that sails a set course on a regular schedule. In this
respect the packet differs from the "transient" or "tramp" (which picks
up cargoes wherever it can find them and carries them to whatever port business at the moment directs, with no set course of predetermined schedule) and from the "regular trader" (which limit itself to trade between two or more particular ports, but follows no fixed schedule). In order to maintain a regular schedule, more than one ship (all true packets were full-rigged ships) was required, and packets were organized into "lines" (the origin of the term "liner"); the earliest true line was the "Black Ball" line between New York and Liverpool, and the first sailings took place in January 1818. The Havre Union Line, to which the Duchesse d'Orleans belonged, was initiated in 1823.

Franz married Maria Magdalena Zwick on 2 Oct 1834 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz, Bayern. Maria (daughter of Franz Zwick and Margaretha Erhard) was born on 9 Jun 1815 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz; died on 2 Jan 1896 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

1. Franz Jakob Singer was born on 14 Oct 1834 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz, Bayern; died on 12 Dec 1912 in Canton, Stark County, Ohio, USA; was buried in Calvary Cemetery and Mausoleum, Perry Township, Stark County, Ohio, USA.
2. Johannes Singer was born on 5 Feb 1838 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz, Bayern; died in 1901 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA.
3. Sybilla Singer was born on 6 Feb 1841 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz, Bayern; died on 26 Oct 1928 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; was buried in Saint Mary of the Immaculate Conception Cemetery, Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA.
4. Katharina Singer was born on 20 Mar 1843 in at sea; died on 13 Jan 1929 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA.
5. Sister Christina Singer was born on 23 Nov 1846 in Ohio, USA; died on 7 Jul 1915 in Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, USA; was buried in Our Lady of the Woods Convent Cemetery, Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, USA.
6. George Singer was born on 15 Mar 1848 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; died on 29 Jan 1934 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA.
7. Sebastian Singer was born on 21 May 1850 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; died on 1 Mar 1926 in Braddock, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA.
8. John Adam Singer was born on 23 Aug 1852 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; died on 27 Aug 1928 in Indian Run, Washington County, Ohio, USA.
9. Francis Singer was born on 11 Oct 1854 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; died on 17 Sep 1914 in Braddock, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA.
10. William Jacob Singer was born on 11 Jan 1856 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; was christened on 3 Jul 1864 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; died on 21 Oct 1865 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA.
11. Helena Magdalena Singer was born on 12 May 1857 in Fulda, Enoch Township, Noble County, Ohio, USA; died on 2 Jan 1939 in Huntington, Cabell County, West Virginia, USA.

Johannes married Apollonia Schantz about 1795. Apollonia (daughter of Michael Schantz and Maria Anna de Borzell Debortzel) was born on 5 Oct 1774 in Erlenbach bei Dahn, Pfalz; died on 26 Jul 1834 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz, Bayern. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Johannes married Sevilla Burkhart. Sevilla was born in 1730. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Michael married Maria Anna de Borzell Debortzel about 1772. Maria (daughter of Johannes de Borzell Debortzel and Maria Magdalena Klemm) was born on 28 Jul 1752 in Bobenthal, Pfalz; died on 19 Aug 1812 in Bruchweiler-Bärenbach, Pfalz. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Johannes married Maria Magdalena Klemm on 16 May 1745 in Bobenthal, Pfalz, Bayern. Maria (daughter of Johannes Adam Klemm and Anna Maria Barbara Hoff) was born on 25 Jul 1724 in Bobenthal, Pfalz; died on 6 Oct 1781 in Bobenthal, Pfalz. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

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BIOGRAPHY:
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